BNM Annual Report 2022

• Promoting Monetary Stability
• Promoting Financial Stability
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Financial System
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Islamic Financial System
• Promoting Safe & Efficient Payments & Remittance Services
• Issuing Currency
• Maintaining Financial Integrity

• People
• Towards a Greener Financial System
• Risk Management & Internal Controls
• Engaging Malaysians
• International Engagements

• The Exchange Rate and the Malaysian Economy
• Driving into the Future - A Digital Motor Claim Journey
• Empowering Communities with Digital Financial Services
• Measuring the Journey towards a Low Carbon Economy
• Biodiversity Loss: Implications on the Economy and Financial Stability
• Let‘s Go Digital Confidently
• Inflation: Its evolution, two years after the pandemic
• Fostering International Connectivity among Central Shariah Boards in Islamic Finance
• MIFC Leadership Council: Galvanising Greater Industry Stewardship
• Cross Border Payment Linkages - Project Nexus and the Push for a Multilateral Approach
• Banknote Counterfeiting in Malaysia: Trends, Challenges and Strategies

BNM Annual Report 2021

• Promoting Monetary Stability
• Promoting Financial Stability
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Financial System
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Islamic Financial System
• Promoting Safe & Efficient Payments & Remittance Services
• Issuing Currency
• Maintaining Financial Integrity

• People
• Towards a Greener Financial System
• Risk Management & Internal Controls
• Engaging Malaysians
• International Engagements

• Cost of Living Revisited: Causes and Consequences
• Proceeding with Caution: Balancing Opportunities and Risks of Digital Assets
• ACC - An Automated and Integrated Cash Management Facility
• Kijang Graduate Programme: Talent Agility for a Future-Ready Central Bank
• Taking the Pulse of the Economy during the Pandemic
• Regaining Personal Financial Control During Challenging Times


• Financial Sector Blueprint 2022-2026
• Empowering Microentrepreneurs Through Expansion of iTEKAD
• Real-Time Retail Payment System Linkages for Efficient Cross-Border Payments
• National Risk Assessment on Money Laundering & Terrorism Financing 2020 (NRA 2020)

BNM Annual Report 2020

• Promoting Monetary Stability
• Promoting Financial Stability
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Financial System
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Islamic Financial System
• Promoting Safe & Efficient Payments & Remittance Services
• Issuing Currency
• Maintaining Financial Integrity

• People
• Towards a Greener Financial System
• Risk Management & Internal Controls
• Engaging Malaysians
• International Engagements

• Building Buffers: Roles and Functions of BNM’s International Reserves
• Evaluating Malaysia’s Need for Central Bank Digital Currency
• Currency Operations during the COVID-19 Pandemic
• A Primer on Taking Control of Your Finances

BNM Annual Report 2019

• Promoting Monetary Stability
• Promoting Financial Stability
• Promoting a Progressive & Inclusive Financial System
• Promoting Safe & Efficient Payments and Remittance Systems
• Issuing Currency
• Maintaining Financial Integrity

• People
• Risk Management & Internal Controls
• International Engagements
• Engaging Malaysians

• Climate change risks and opportunities: Respond, not react
• Transforming the economy and society through Islamic finance
• Unlocking the potential of innovation: Preparing for a digital future
• Improving the motor claims process
• Managing medical claims inflation
• BNM Volunteers

BNM Annual Report 2018

• Are Malaysian Workers Paid Fairly?: An Assessment of Productivity and Equity
• Malaysia's Resilience in Managing External Debt Obligations and the Adequacy of International Reserves
• When the Future Starts Today: Inflation Expectations of Malaysian Households

BNM Annual Report 2017

• Low-Skilled Foreign Workers' Distortions to the Economy
• A Critical Assessment of Direct Investments Abroad (DIA) and the Changing Nature of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI)
• The Living Wage: Beyond Making Ends Meet
• Complexity and Growth: Malaysia’s Position and Policy Implications
• Unlocking Malaysia’s Digital Future: Opportunities, Challenges and Policy Responses
• Business Plan 2018-2020: Framing the Future with Talent and Technology

• Inflation: Perception vs. Reality
• Debunking the Myth: Property Measures Have Led to Higher Loan Rejection Rates
• The Sharing Economy – Harnessing the Value of Idle Assets
• Central Banking and Inequality: The Current State of the Conversation
• Global Value Chains and the Drivers of Exports in Malaysia
• Factors Affecting Foreign Investors’ Bondholding in Malaysia
• Outcomes of the Reference Rate Framework: Moving Towards More Efficient and Transparent Practices
• Liberalisation of Motor Insurance Business: Rewarding Good Risk Management
• Rethinking Investment Incentives
• Imbalances in the Property Market
• Financial Conditions Index for Malaysia
• Better Boards - The Path Towards Stronger Corporate Governance in Financial Institutions
• Affordable Housing: Challenges and the Way Forward
• Unorthodox Measures for Unconventional Times
• Open Application Programming Interface (API): A Financial Revolution

BNM Annual Report 2016

• Understanding the Changing Dynamics of the Current Account of the Balance of Payments in Malaysia
• Payoffs from Going Global: Assessing the Returns from Malaysia’s Direct Investment Abroad
• Exchange Rate Volatility and Disconnect: Structural or Cyclical?
• Structural Reforms in ASEAN-5 Economies: Past Successes and Future Challenges
• Demystifying the Affordable Housing Issue in Malaysia
• Youth Unemployment in Malaysia: Developments and Policy Considerations

BNM Annual Report 2015

• Recent Slowdown in Global Trade: Cyclical Bane or Structural Shift?
• Assessing Demand-Supply Conditions in the Malaysian Property Market
• Inflation and the Cost of Living [updated]
• The Impact of Exchange Rate Depreciation on Inflation in Malaysia
• Evolution of the Monetary Policy Committee of Bank Negara Malaysia: Key Milestones over the Years
• Shifting Shapes, Turning Tides: The Evolution of Malaysia’s Electronics and Electrical (E&E) Industry